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With the combination of 32 linear waves, a deep water breaking wave was successfully obtained in laboratory conditions. Each linear wave had a unique frequency and phase shift, allowing all 32 waves to reach peak amplitude at the same time and place.

The deep water breaking wave was specified to have a maximum amplitude at 1.5 meters from the mean paddle position, and 10 seconds after the wave train began. By solving the dispersion equation for all 32 waves, the paddle displacement signal for each individual linear wave was superimposed into a single function, creating the complete paddle displacement signal.

It was necessary to attempt several frequency bands for the waves because certain relationships showed too much destructive interferance prior to determined breaking. This interferance caused a disapation in energy before the intended location, resulting in a lesser wave.

Special attention was paid to the amplitudes of each individual wave in the system, as to avoid premature breaking. After many trials, it was discovered that the relationship A*k=linear (Wu) provided the best breaking scenario. This relationship specifies that the amplitude multiplied by the wave number (k) will have a linear trend.

The Amplitude of the entire displacement regime was determined by trial and error with an adjustable scaling factor. It was noted that allowing the flume to settle for at least 60 seconds after a trial reduced noticable turbulent interference. The final amplitude scale factor provided the steepest wave superposition without any pre-breaking (capillary or spill).

Visual results follow:

time 9.7s

Oncoming wave shows noticable steepness.

Far side wave gives evidence of slumping, with capillary interference.

Previous wave crest is still in the frame, with a note-worthy smaller comparative amplitude.

 
time 9.8s

Breaking wave begins to spill over on the near side.

The flume's slight twist is noticable as the wave begins to break without symmetry.

Steepness at the crest is very evident on the far side of the flume

 
time 9.9s

Wave completely spills over.

Wave steepness became too great, and wave begins to break due to gravity forces.

 
time 10.0s

Non-symmetric breaking continues

Flume irregularities are amplified as plunging begins on the flume's near side, while the far side continues to spill

 
time 10.1s

Entire Wave crest plunges

Energy begins to rapidly dissapate due to heat loss and entrainment

Irregular capillary waves below the breaking wave become more apparent.

 
time 10.15s

Breaking continues to dissipate energy

Wave crest losses a noticable amount of steepness as it continues to lose energy.

Entrainment is more evident at the base of the breaker.

 
Jordan Read (2006)